四、定語(yǔ)從句 1）Before her marriage, she spent a considerable time in that very part of Shanghai,______she belong.（1998.6）

A.Which

B.to where

C.to which

D.at which

2）The investigation______will soon be published, was made by John.（1998.6）

A.at which the results

B.the results on which

C.whose results

D.at whose results.

3）My vacation begins next Tuesday,______I will leave for Florida.（1999.6）

A.which

B.that

C.while

D.when

4）This is the sportsman whom everyone says will win the

A　B　C

first prize at the Winter Olympic Games.（1999.6）

D 

5）The United States is composed of fifty states,

A

two of those are separated from the others by land or water.

B　C　D

（2000.6）

6）A curve is a line______ no part is straight and which has no angle.（2001.6）

A.that

B.whose

C.in which

D.of which

7）I will not forget the ten years______ we both spent in the little village.（2001.6）

A.when

B.during which

C.which

D.in which

8）The grass______ many animals live is abundant here.（2003.4）

A.by which

B.with which

C.on which

D.of which

9）______is known to all, too much smoking will cause lung cancer.（2003.11）

A.That

B.It

C.As

D.What

10）The seventeenth century was one which many significant

A

advances were made in both science and philosophy.（2003.11）

B　C　D

11）Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others,______ ,of course, made the others jealous.

（2005.4）

A.who

B.what

C.that

D.which

12）The way which the different kinds of rock lie on

A　B

one another helps to tell the story of long ago.（2005.4）

C　D

「**」CCDBB DCCCA DA

「評(píng)析

從以上各題可以看出，定語(yǔ)從句的考查還是集中在關(guān)系詞的選擇，雖然也有關(guān)系詞最一般的用法，但更多的是對(duì)特殊關(guān)系詞的考查。總的說(shuō)來(lái)有以下幾點(diǎn)需要注意：

① 關(guān)系詞的使用：一看先行詞，二看關(guān)系詞在從句中的作用。關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在于從句中所作的成分，先行詞在從句中作主、定、賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，選擇關(guān)系代詞（who, whom, that, which, whose）；先行詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞（where 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，when 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，why 原因狀語(yǔ)），如3）和7）。

7）I will not forget the ten years______ we both spent in the little village.

A.when

B.during which

C.which

D.in which

**：C

（雖然先行詞時(shí)為表示時(shí)間的詞匯the ten years，但是the ten yeas在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中作spent的賓語(yǔ)，因此應(yīng)當(dāng)用關(guān)系代詞which來(lái)引導(dǎo)這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，而不是關(guān)系副詞when.）

3）My vacation begins next Tuesday,______ I will leave for Florida.（1999.6）

A.which

B.that

C.while

D.when

**：D

（先行詞next Tuesday在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)，因此應(yīng)當(dāng)用關(guān)系副詞when來(lái)引導(dǎo)這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。）

在此基礎(chǔ)上熟記幾個(gè)常用的固定句式，如：

the same … as

such … as

當(dāng)看到先行詞前有the same 或such修飾時(shí)，可直接從選項(xiàng)中找as，選擇就變得比較簡(jiǎn)單，這時(shí)用不著考慮先行詞是人還是物。

② 關(guān)系詞在句中作定語(yǔ)，應(yīng)當(dāng)用關(guān)系詞whose，如2）：

2）The investigation______ will soon be published, was made by John.（1998.6）

A.at which the results　B.the results on which

C.whose results　D.at whose results.

**：C

同學(xué)們應(yīng)該熟悉關(guān)系詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的各種變體，作定語(yǔ)的關(guān)系詞可有以下變體，試比較：

the office whose windows are broken

the office the windows of which are broken

the office of which the windows are broken

上面的6）題就屬于the windows of which這種形式：

6）A curve is a line______ no part is straight and which has no angle.

A.that　B.whose　C.in which　D.of which

**：D

先行詞是人時(shí)，同樣也可有這三種形式，如：

the professor whose car was stolen

the professor the car of whom was stolen

the professor of whom the car was stolen

③注意"介詞 + which/whom"的結(jié)構(gòu)作關(guān)系詞

從三級(jí)考試對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句的測(cè)試來(lái)看，主要考查的是介詞的選擇。"介詞 + which/whom"主要有以下幾種情況：

A. 介詞是句中短語(yǔ)搭配的一部分，如1）和8）：

1）Before her marriage, she spent a considerable time in that very part of Shanghai,she belong.（1998.6）

A.Which

B.to where

C.to which

D.at which

**：C

（"屬于"要用belong to，關(guān)系代詞在句中作賓語(yǔ)，同時(shí)定語(yǔ)從句以介詞結(jié)尾，因此把介詞提前，形成to which she belong的結(jié)構(gòu)。 ）

8）The grass______many animals live is abundant here.（2003.4）

A.by which　B.with which　C.on which　D.of which

**：C

再如：

We need a chairman ______.

A.for whom everyone has confidence

B.in whom everyone has confidence

C.who everyone has confidence of

D.whom everyone has confidence on

**：B

（表示"信任某人"要用have confidence in somebody，所以作定語(yǔ)，應(yīng)該用a chairman in whom … has confidence.）

B."部分 + of + 整體名詞"的結(jié)構(gòu)，該結(jié)構(gòu)作關(guān)系詞也就是 "部分名詞 + of which/whom"的結(jié)構(gòu)。

該結(jié)構(gòu)的使用應(yīng)注意兩點(diǎn)，一是注意定語(yǔ)從句與并列句的分別，如：

5）The United States is composed of fifty states,   語(yǔ)教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有www.for68.com

A

two of those are separated from the others by land or water.

B　C　D

（2000.6）

**：B

再如：

He invited many scientists to his birthday party, many of ______ were his old classmates.

A.whom

B.them

C.which

D.that

**：A

這里很自然地會(huì)有many of whom 與many of them的選擇。

C.在大多數(shù)情況下，要看關(guān)系詞與先行詞之間的關(guān)系，以確定選擇什么樣的介詞，如10）：

10）The seventeenth century was one which many significant

A

advances were made in both science and philosophy.（2003.11）

B　C　D

**：A

④ 注意as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的用法

as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，可置于句首，也可置于句尾，表示"正如……".如9）：

9）______is known to all, too much smoking will cause lung cancer.（2003.11）

A.That

B.It

C.As

D.What

**：C

再如：The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things,______ is often the case in other countries.

A.as

B.what

C.so

D.that

**：A

______ might be expected, the response to the question was very mixed.

A.As

B.That

C.It

D.What

**：A

一般as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，其先行詞為整個(gè)主句。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，其先行詞也可以是主句或主句中的一部分。

⑤ 注意先行詞為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因時(shí)，關(guān)系詞的選用。如果用when, where 或why，關(guān)系詞在從句中應(yīng)該是作狀語(yǔ)，否則的話則應(yīng)該用which/that等。如上面7）中：

7）I will not forget the ten years______we both spent in the little village.（2001.6）

A.when

B.during which

C.which

D.in which

[答疑編號(hào)10010614：針對(duì)該題提問(wèn)]

**：C

先行詞作spent的賓語(yǔ)，只能用which.

再如：

I've never been to Beijing, but it is the place ______.

A.where I'd like to visit

B.in which I'd like to visit

C.I most want to visit

D.that I want to visit it most

**：D

先行詞在從句中visit的賓語(yǔ)，關(guān)系詞不能用where，而只能是that/which.

⑥注意定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。如：

There are signs ______ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.

A.that

B.which

C.in which

D.whose

**：A

由于signs與后面的restaurants沒(méi)有修飾和被修飾關(guān)系，所以whose不對(duì)，如果是定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞代替signs，而從