(1) can表示體力和腦力方面的能力,或根據(jù)客觀條件能做某種動(dòng)作的"能力"。例如:
Can you ride a bike?你會(huì)騎自行車(chē)嗎?What can I do for you?要幫忙嗎?Can you make a cake?你會(huì)做蛋糕嗎?
(2) can用在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中時(shí)有時(shí)表示說(shuō)話人的"懷疑""猜測(cè)"或不肯定。例如:
Where can he be?他會(huì)在什么地方呢?Can the news be true?這個(gè)消息會(huì)是真的嗎?
It surely can't be six o'clock already?不可能已經(jīng)六點(diǎn)鐘了吧?
You can't be hungry so soon,Tom,you've just had lunch.湯姆,你不可能餓得這么快,你剛吃過(guò)午飯。
What can he mean?他會(huì)是什么意思?
在日常會(huì)話中,can可代替may表示"允許",may比較正式。例如:You can come in any time.你隨時(shí)都可以來(lái)。
--- Can I use your pen?我能用你的鋼筆嗎?--- Of course,you can.當(dāng)然可以。
You can have my seat,I'm going now.我要走了,你坐我的座位吧。
(3) could
could 是 can的過(guò)去式,表示過(guò)去有過(guò)的能力和可能性(在否定和疑問(wèn)句中)。例如:
The doctor said he could help him.(能力)醫(yī)生說(shuō)他能幫助他。
Lily could swim when she was four years old.(能力)當(dāng)麗麗四歲的時(shí)候她就會(huì)游泳。
At that time we thought the story could be true.(可能性)那時(shí)我們以為所說(shuō)的可能是真的。
could可代替can表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間的動(dòng)作,但語(yǔ)氣較為婉轉(zhuǎn)。例如:
Could I speak to John,please?我能和約翰說(shuō)話嗎?
Could you?在口語(yǔ)中表示請(qǐng)求對(duì)方做事。例如:Could you wait half an hour?請(qǐng)你等半個(gè)小時(shí)好嗎?Could you please ring again at six?六點(diǎn)鐘請(qǐng)你再打電話好嗎?
(4) can的形式
只有現(xiàn)在式can和過(guò)去式could兩種形式。能表示一般現(xiàn)在和一般過(guò)去兩種時(shí)態(tài),有時(shí)也能表示將來(lái)。所有其他時(shí)態(tài)(包括將來(lái)時(shí))須用be able to加動(dòng)詞不定式來(lái)表示。
例如:They have not been able to come to Beijing.他們沒(méi)有能到北京來(lái)。
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